Fund review

For the quarter under review the fund increased in size from R11.1 billion to R12 billion. The modified duration of the fund remained at 0.11 years at the end of September. The fund continued to deliver cash-plus returns over the quarter.

Market overview

Ongoing global trade tensions continued to negatively affect confidence in the third quarter of 2019, putting further strain on emerging market assets. The rand was on the back foot, losing about 6% against the dollar, while the 10-year benchmark government bond was almost 20 basis points weaker at the end of the quarter. The global backdrop still remains supportive of emerging market bonds due to an increasing number of negative-yielding bonds and lower-trending inflation globally. The US Federal Reserve Bank cut interest rates for the first time since the financial crisis, indicating that these are mid-cycle cuts to provide “insurance” against weaker growth rather than a longer-term policy change. The Fed’s cuts have encouraged emerging market central banks, including the SARB, which are facing declining inflation and slowing growth, to follow suit. This provides further support for emerging market yields to perform well despite the volatility driven by the US/China trade war. South African headline inflation moderated to a low of 4% y/y in the quarter and is expected to average 4.2% for the year. The government issued a Eurobond that was over-subscribed, raising $5 billion instead of the $4 billion that was planned initially. This will go a long way towards improving the government’s funding requirements ahead of the MTBPS late in October. There has been some compression in the yield curve as the government is not considering any more switch auctions for this calendar year, easing pressure in the ultra-long end of the curve with issuances. At a conference held in SA in September, Moody’s stated that SA’s fiscal deterioration over the past decade has been in line with the median Baa3 countries. This improves SA’s prospects of avoiding a downgrade, with the worst-case scenario being an outlook change from stable to negative. Moody’s sees the structure of SA’s debt as having lower refinancing risk than its peers. The South African CDS spread is trading wider than comparable peers that are already in junk territory, meaning that the markets have already priced in a downgrade to junk status. A reprieve from Moody’s would give SA an opportunity to produce a credible economic restructuring plan to deal with persistent fiscal slippage and stimulate economic growth prospects. If there is no downgrade, this will be positive for the bond market.

Looking ahead

With survey data in the US and eurozone continuing to point to a slowdown in growth, coupled with dim growth prospects locally and inflation that is firmly inside the target range, local bonds are still expected to offer attractive returns given their compelling real yields in comparison to their peers. The wider currency and credit risk premiums built into bond prices are expected to gradually unwind after the October MTBPS and Moody’s rating announcements. Globally, the ECB will resume its open-ended quantitative easing programme in the fourth quarter and the Fed is expected to continue cutting interest rates to manage the slowdown in the US economy. This leaves room for the SARB to cut rates in November.

The commentary gives the views of the portfolio manager at the time of writing. Any forecasts or commentary included in this document are not guaranteed to occur.

Fund review

The fund grew by R153 million for the quarter under review and was R10.7 billion at the end of March 2019.The modified duration was slightly longer than at the end of December 2018 at 0.13 years. The fund’s returns remain attractive compared with money market funds.

Market overview

In the first quarter of 2019 there were a number of key risk events, starting with the Budget speech when the Finance Minister presented worsening fiscal projections. The budget showed debt to GDP figures exceeding 60% in the medium term along with R69 billion support needed for financially distressed Eskom over the next three years. The cash injection came at a much-needed time, as Eskom was allocated a lower tariff increase by NERSA than it applied for and the power utility was also reaching a point where it was unable to service its debt. This, with loadshedding, contributed to weaker business confidence. Credit rating agency Moody’s gave SA a rating reprieve by deciding not to issue a sovereign credit review on 29 March, but later issued a credit opinion affirming SA’s credit rating at Baa3 with a stable outlook. The credit opinion mostly highlighted positives, causing markets to rally, with the SA benchmark bond yield reaching a low of 8.42% for the quarter and the rand strengthening to R14.15/$ from a low of R14.60/$. The five-year credit default swap (CDS) spread consolidated to 185bps, down from 227bps at the beginning of Q1 2019, but still higher than the low of 140bps seen in 2018. Despite volatility, the bond market managed to produce a return of 3.76% during Q1 2019.

At its December meeting, the US Fed emphasised slowing global growth and benign inflation, which encouraged it to pause from hiking interest rates and announce an early end to its balance sheet reduction in Q3 2019. The Fed’s changed stance, along with other global central banks remaining accommodative, has rallied high-yield emerging markets. The US 10-year bond yield has since strengthened to 2.37% following a high of 2.75% earlier during the quarter. However this caused the US yield curve to invert, which raised concerns of a possible recession in future. In line with a benign global inflation outlook, inflation data in SA remained subdued, supporting the bond market.

Looking ahead

The market will be closely watching the national elections taking place on 8 May and the outcome may influence direction. The risk of an imminent sovereign downgrade may have subsided but it is not completely ruled out as Moody’s continues to monitor the turnaround in SA growth and fiscal metrics. Moreover, Moody’s rating review of the SA sovereign scheduled for November will consider the structural reforms undertaken at financially troubled state-owned companies such as Eskom. Inflation in SA is expected to remain stable inside the target band of 3-6% and the SARB is likely to keep rates on hold for the year.

The commentary gives the views of the portfolio manager at the time of writing. Any forecasts or commentary included in this document are not guaranteed to occur.

Fund review

For the quarter under review the Stanlib Extra Income fund increased in size by R1.3bn to R11 billion.Floating rate notes were bought with the inflow of funds. As at the end of September the modified duration of the fund was 0.12years. The volatility in the markets which came as a result of emerging market jitters left investors to seek diversification into income funds. The Fund’s returns remain attractive compared to money market returns due to high yield assets in the portfolio. With currency volatility increasing the risk of an interest rate hike in future, the Fund stands to gain given that it holds floating rate notes.

Market overview

Emerging market currencies and assets continued to sell off in the third quarter amid a stronger US dollar environment as trade and geopolitical tensions heightened, monetary conditions continued to tighten and global inflation expectations accelerated. Risk aversion due to US sanctions on Turkey and Russia and the debt crisis in Argentina contributed to the rand weakening by 3% against the US dollar, with bonds following suit as foreign investors sold R16bn of South African government bonds in the quarter. The US Fed raised interest rates by 25bps in September as widely expected, and indicated that they are planning on raising rates once more this year and three more times in 2019 as growth remains robust and inflation continues to increase.

Local GDP surprised by contracting again in the second quarter, tipping the economy into a technical recession and sparking fears of a possible ratings downgrade by Moody’s on the 12th of October. Longer dated bonds sold off as a result, as markets were pricing in a higher probability of an increase in government bond issuance as tax revenue was likely to come under pressure. The spread between the 30 year maturity bond and the 10 year maturity bond increased by 10 basis points to end the quarter at 93 basis points, reflecting these risks. Headline Inflation increased from 4.4% to 4.9% in August due to higher fuel prices and higher VAT but core inflation remains subdued as the economic activity remains subdued. The Reserve Bank as a result left interest rates unchanged leaving the markets pricing in higher probabilities of an interest rate hike at their November meeting should the current negative environment persist.

Looking ahead

The fourth quarter comes with a number of event risks with possible significant impact on returns. The three major rating agencies will give their rating updates on South Africa; with the Moody’s decision the most important one as a downgrade from them would result with major outflows due to South Africa being excluded from the World Government Bond Index. In September the government tabled measures to stimulate economic growth, details of which will be shared in the Medium Term Budget Policy Statement in late October. The stimulus package was well received by the markets and the details in the budget will be assessed for the impact on National Treasury’s debt consolidation plans. The Land Reform Committee is also expected to report back to parliament on its recommendations, which can have material impact on markets. Internationally, elections in Brazil in October and in the US in November will also be watched with keen interest as they can influence the risk environment. The commentary gives the views of the portfolio manager at the time of writing. Any forecasts or commentary included in this document are not guaranteed to occur.